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Jump to an areaWhole connected graph Rights, persons & protected procedures The People, qualifications and representation Choosing the President and Vice President Succession and presidential inability States, the Union & supreme law Inside Congress Appointments and temporary commissions Federal judicial power How the Constitution changes Congressional powers & their limits From a bill to a law Impeachment, trial, and bounded judgment Trace an amendmentNo amendment highlight Amendment 1 Amendment 2 Amendment 3 Amendment 4 Amendment 5 Amendment 6 Amendment 7 Amendment 8 Amendment 9 Amendment 10 Amendment 11 Amendment 12 Amendment 13 Amendment 14 Amendment 15 Amendment 16 Amendment 17 Amendment 18 · Repealed Amendment 19 Amendment 20 Amendment 21 Amendment 22 Amendment 23 Amendment 24 Amendment 25 Amendment 26 Amendment 27
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The Constitution — one connected graph One board · Shared institutions · Current formal structure. All elements are also available through the inspection selector. Rights & protections The People Succession Federalism Executive & appointments Amendment process Legislative powers Lawmaking
Inspect a box or connectionSelect an element The People Qualified electorates State governments ↳ State legislatures ↳ State executive Congress ↳ House of Representatives ↳ Senate ↳ President ↳ Vice President Presidential electors Federal judiciary ↳ One Supreme Court ↳ Inferior courts Treasury ↳ Citizenship attributes ↳ Age groups ↳ Residence ↳ Sex groups ↳ Race / color / prior servitude ↳ Persons and citizens State-chamber qualification rule Apply voting qualifications Voting-denial restrictions Citizenship: textual ALL test ↳ House electorate ↳ Senate electorate House apportionment count U.S. and State citizenship State House-seat entitlement Other office restrictions ↳ Other office restrictions ↳ House eligibility ↳ Senate eligibility ↳ Presidential & VP eligibility ↳ Representatives ↳ Speaker + officers ↳ Senators ↳ President pro tempore ↳ Each chamber separately ↳ Compensation & privileges ↳ Congressional calendar Intervening House election Revenue bill Other covered joint act ALL: both chambers pass Passed bill 10-day nonreturn clock Return with objections IF approves: MUST sign Return prevented? Originating chamber Origin chamber journal Other chamber Other chamber journal Does not become law Law / effective covered act Nominee Qualifying inferior officer Congressional vesting law ALL: vacancy + Senate recess Advice-and-consent stage ALL: category AND law Recess commission Presidential appointment ANY: law selects appointer Temporary service Officer enters the office Inferior officer appointed Commission MUST expire Covered officer ANY: stated grounds ANY: oath OR affirmation IF President is tried House impeachment Senate impeachment trial ↳ Chief Justice Conviction threshold No impeachment conviction Convicted party MUST remove from office Impeachment judgment limit Separate legal proceedings Each State Elector eligibility: exclusions ↳ State elector cohorts ↳ District elector cohort Federal District Balloting conditions: ALL Presidential vote record Vice-presidential vote record Open certificates → count votes Presidential majority: ALL Vice-presidential majority: ALL President chosen Vice President chosen House contingent-choice procedure Senate contingent-choice procedure House choice: ALL Senate choice: ALL New-term failure or death Presidential vacancy Vice President becomes
President Vice-presidential vacancy Nominate a Vice President ALL: both chambers confirm Nominee takes office
as Vice President President declares inability ALL: both recipients Vice President acts
as President President sends contrary
written declaration President resumes
powers and duties ANY: qualifying majority ALL: joint written declaration ALL: both recipients Vice President immediately
acts as President President declares
no inability exists Counterdeclaration within
four days? President resumes
powers and duties Decide disputed inability If not in session:
MUST assemble within 48 hours If already in session:
21-day decision clock If not in session:
21-day decision clock ALL: sustain inability Vice President continues
as Acting President Case / controversy token Article III categories Suits against states Original-jurisdiction route Appellate-jurisdiction route Criminal trial process Treason definition Treason conviction gate ↳ Overlapping legal-status groups ↳ Persons ↳ U.S. citizens ↳ “The People” as rights-holder ↳ Accused & civil litigants United States government Religion & public expression Home, security & property Retained rights / powers Slavery & involuntary servitude State-directed guarantees Protected legal procedures ↳ Grand jury · ANY route ↳ Warrant issuance · ALL ↳ Warrant ↳ Federal proceedings ↳ Trial protections ↳ Punishment & detention limits ↳ Treason: definition + evidence Reserved powers · ALL Supreme-law sources Special formation · ALL Interstate acts & records State form & security ↳ State A ↳ Legislature A ↳ Executive A ↳ Judges A ↳ State B ↳ Legislature B ↳ Executive B ↳ Judges B New state in the Union Domestic protection · ANY Criminal return · ALL U.S. territory & property Federal district · ALL Federal enclave · ALL Citizens visiting other states Limits on state action Congress: enumerated powers ↳ 1–2 · Taxing & borrowing ↳ 3 · Commerce ↳ 4–8 · Civil & economic powers ↳ 9–10 · Tribunals & offenses ↳ 11–14 · War & armed forces ↳ 15–16 · Militia ↳ 17 · Seat & qualifying enclaves ↳ 18 · Implement vested powers ↳ Implementing law · ALL Treasury payment · ALL Authorized payment Army funding · time gate Army & Navy State militia responsibilities Militia in U.S. service ALL: both Houses Call a proposing convention Convention for
proposing amendments ANY: valid proposal route Proposed constitutional
change Select ratification mode Legislative ratification procedure State conventions ratify Selected mode reaches
three-fourths of states Historical limitation Senate equal-suffrage
proviso satisfied? Valid part of the Constitution Executive offices Supplies both qualification references MAY NOT deny on protected grounds Attributes enter qualification check Citizenship status enters rule check Residence selects applicable rules Sex is subject to XIX protection Age enters election-specific test Evaluate citizenship conditions Count persons; apply stated rules Conditions establish citizenship Qualifies House voters Qualifies Senate voters MUST elect members MUST elect Senators Determines representation basis Allocates State seats Required to hold this office Required to hold this office ALL qualifications required ALL qualifications required Choose Choose MUST issue election writ Presides; tie-only vote Applies to House Applies to Senate Pay variation must await election MUST originate revenue bills MAY propose or concur in amendments House passes the bill Senate passes the bill Both passage requirements satisfied MUST present before enactment MUST present covered acts IF approval → signature IF disapproval: return with objections No return within prescribed time At timeout: test the exception YES: adjournment prevented return NO: becomes law without signature Origin chamber MUST reconsider MUST record objections in full MUST record names for and against IF 2/3: send bill AND objections MUST record names for and against Below 2/3: override fails Below 2/3: override fails IF second 2/3: becomes law Signed bill becomes law Nominates a person Nomination goes for advice and consent Senate gives advice and consent Required participation precedes appointment President performs the separate appointment Appoints to a covered office MAY allocate appointment by law Qualifying inferior-officer category Law vests the appointment power Use only the authorized alternative Selected actor MAY appoint under law MAY grant qualifying recess commission Vacancy-and-recess condition required Commission permits temporary service Service under this commission is time-limited House exclusively adopts impeachment Specified grounds for covered officers Subject to impeachment on stated grounds MUST sit under oath or affirmation Required trial-participation condition Senate exclusively tries the charges Presiding duty triggered by subject MUST preside when President is tried Senate considers conviction Below 2/3 present: MAY NOT convict At least 2/3 present concur: conviction Specified completed process requires removal Judgment MUST stay within this boundary Remains subject to ordinary law IF trial subject is the President MAY direct appointment manner MUST appoint assigned number Disqualifying offices bar appointment MAY direct appointment manner MUST appoint capped cohort MUST meet and ballot locally MUST meet in District; follow XII MAY set times; voting day uniform MUST name President separately MUST name Vice President separately MUST seal and transmit lists MUST seal and transmit lists Evaluate presidential tally Evaluate vice-presidential tally YES: electoral majority chooses YES: electoral majority chooses NO majority → House chooses NO majority → Senate chooses Apply State quorum and vote rules Apply whole-Senate requirements ALL satisfied → President chosen ALL satisfied → VP chosen Unchosen / unqualified at term start Specified contingent candidate deaths MUST become President Vice-presidential office becomes vacant MUST nominate Nominee requires both confirmations Both approve → takes office MUST transmit to both Transfers exercise of powers / duties Assignment lasts until this declaration Transmission ends acting assignment Vice President MUST participate One qualifying majority MUST join MAY provide other body by law MUST transmit to both Immediately assigns powers / duties President may contest inability Starts four-day response interval No timely qualifying counterdeclaration Timely qualifying counterdeclaration Not in session Already in session Required assembly time anchors clock Use this deadline if in session Use this deadline if not in session ALL satisfied: continues acting Otherwise: President resumes MAY establish by law Test enumerated scope Apply XI where relevant Route eligible cases Other eligible cases Original jurisdiction Appellate jurisdiction Exceptions & regulations If treason charged Special conviction requirement MAY NOT infringe named freedoms MUST respect stated conditions Protects clause-named rights Protects people / persons / owners MUST observe three distinct guarantees Due process; equal protection MAY NOT abridge privileges / immunities Confers the specified citizenship Prohibits status, with stated exception IX: protects retained rights MUST use qualifying accusation route MAY issue only if ALL are met MUST apply case-specific guarantees MAY NOT impose prohibited measures Treason requires definition AND proof Protects according to proceeding Federal scope of this procedure view State judicial proceedings enter record MUST give full faith and credit MAY prescribe proof and effect MUST follow despite contrary state law MUST follow despite contrary state law MUST guarantee / protect every state Republican form; invasion protection Republican form; invasion protection Consent required for specified formation Concerned legislatures MUST consent ALL consents enable special formation MAY admit a new state Legislature applies Executive applies IF legislature unavailable Qualified application → MUST protect 1 · Demands return to criminal jurisdiction 2 · Receiving state MUST deliver up MAY dispose / make needful rules Exclusive legislation after ALL conditions Like authority after ALL conditions Host legislature MUST consent MUST grant interstate privileges / immunities MAY NOT act beyond stated limits MAY legislate through ALL conditions Money MAY leave only through this gate Lawful appropriation enables payment Tax / borrowing do not bypass spending gate Army support: funding duration limited Army appropriation ≤ 2 years MAY establish, support and regulate Commands the Army and Navy Commands WHEN called into U.S. service MAY call forth for stated three purposes Governs part employed in U.S. service Officer appointment / training reserved State officers; federally set discipline Vested power supplies implementation anchor Vested powers supply implementation anchors House reaches two-thirds Senate reaches two-thirds Applications reach two-thirds of states MUST call proposing convention Congress SHALL propose Convention proposes Either route produces proposal Proposal proceeds to mode selection If legislature mode selected If convention mode selected Selected mode: three-fourths ratify Selected mode: three-fourths ratify Continuing proviso still applies Proviso satisfied → valid House conducts contingent choice Senate conducts contingent choice President nominates Congress decides dispute Congress MUST call when triggered Congress chooses one mode Legislatures vote on ratification Exercises enumerated legislative powers If Supreme Court office: appoint If inferior-court office: appoint Chosen for presidential office Chosen for vice-presidential office Read a clauseAll 324 clause entries PRE.1 · The People as the founding political subject PRE.2 · A more perfect Union PRE.3 · Establish justice PRE.4 · Domestic tranquility PRE.5 · Common defense PRE.6 · General welfare PRE.7 · Liberty across generations PRE.8 · Ordain and establish the Constitution A1.S1.C1 · Legislative vesting and the two chambers A1.S2.C1a · Popular selection of House members A1.S2.C1b · The state-chamber reference rule A1.S2.C2 · House eligibility is an ALL filter A1.S2.C3a · Historical population counting and apportionment A1.S2.C3b · The census clock and congressional direction A1.S2.C3c · A House-size ceiling and a state minimum A1.S2.C3d · The temporary thirteen-state seat table A1.S2.C4 · House vacancies trigger state election writs A1.S2.C5a · House chooses its officers A1.S2.C5b · House exclusively initiates impeachment A1.S3.C1 · Equal state seats, original selection, terms and votes A1.S3.C2a · Divide the first Senate into three classes A1.S3.C2b · Initial expirations establish biennial Senate renewal A1.S3.C2c · Original recess-vacancy appointment route A1.S3.C3 · Senate eligibility is a separate ALL filter A1.S3.C4 · Vice President presides and votes only on ties A1.S3.C5 · Senate officers and president pro tempore A1.S3.C6a · Senate exclusively tries impeachments A1.S3.C6b · An oath or affirmation for impeachment trials A1.S3.C6c · Chief Justice presides when the President is tried A1.S3.C6d · Conviction requires two thirds of members present A1.S3.C7a · Impeachment judgment has bounded consequences A1.S3.C7b · Impeachment conviction preserves ordinary legal liability A1.S4.C1a · States prescribe congressional election rules A1.S4.C1b · Congress can alter the election regulations, subject to an exception A1.S4.C2a · Congress must meet annually A1.S4.C2b · The original default annual meeting date A1.S5.C1a · Each chamber judges its own membership questions A1.S5.C1b · A majority forms the ordinary business quorum A1.S5.C1c · A smaller group may adjourn from day to day A1.S5.C1d · A chamber may authorize attendance compulsion A1.S5.C2a · Each chamber controls its proceedings rules A1.S5.C2b · Each chamber may discipline its own members A1.S5.C2c · Expulsion requires two-thirds concurrence A1.S5.C3a · Each chamber must keep a proceedings journal A1.S5.C3b · Publication has a chamber-judged secrecy exception A1.S5.C3c · One fifth present can require recorded yeas and nays A1.S5.C4 · Longer adjournments and relocation require the other chamber's consent A1.S6.C1a · Federal law sets and the federal Treasury pays compensation A1.S6.C1b · Arrest privilege has express temporal limits and exceptions A1.S6.C1c · Speech or debate receives external-questioning protection A1.S6.C2a · A term-based bar on appointment to certain civil offices A1.S6.C2b · Federal officeholding and congressional membership cannot overlap A1.S7.C1a · Revenue bills originate in the House A1.S7.C1b · The Senate can amend revenue bills A1.S7.C2a · Bicameral passage and presentment A1.S7.C2b · Approval and signature A1.S7.C2c · Return with objections and reconsideration A1.S7.C2d · Override in the originating chamber A1.S7.C2e · Override in the second chamber A1.S7.C2f · Recorded override votes A1.S7.C2g · Enactment after nonreturn A1.S7.C2h · Adjournment prevents return A1.S7.C3a · Presentment of other joint legislative acts A1.S7.C3b · Approval or override before covered acts take effect A1.S8.C1a · Taxation and the stated fiscal purposes A1.S8.C1b · Uniform duties, imposts, and excises A1.S8.C2 · Borrowing on national credit A1.S8.C3a · Commerce with foreign nations A1.S8.C3b · Commerce among the states A1.S8.C3c · Commerce with Indian tribes A1.S8.C4a · A uniform naturalization rule A1.S8.C4b · Uniform bankruptcy laws A1.S8.C5a · Coinage and valuation A1.S8.C5b · Standards of weights and measures A1.S8.C6 · Punishment of counterfeiting A1.S8.C7 · Post offices and post roads A1.S8.C8 · Limited exclusive rights for authors and inventors A1.S8.C9 · Constitution of inferior tribunals A1.S8.C10a · Piracies and high-seas felonies A1.S8.C10b · Offenses against the law of nations A1.S8.C11a · Declaring war A1.S8.C11b · Letters of marque and reprisal A1.S8.C11c · Rules concerning captures A1.S8.C12a · Raising and supporting armies A1.S8.C12b · Two-year ceiling on army appropriations A1.S8.C13 · Providing and maintaining a navy A1.S8.C14 · Rules governing land and naval forces A1.S8.C15 · Calling forth the militia for three purposes A1.S8.C16a · Militia organization, arms, and discipline A1.S8.C16b · Governance of militia in federal service A1.S8.C16c · State appointment of militia officers A1.S8.C16d · State training under congressional discipline A1.S8.C17a · Exclusive legislation over the seat of government A1.S8.C17b · Authority over qualifying federal enclaves A1.S8.C18 · Necessary and proper implementing laws A1.S9.C1a · The historical restriction on prohibiting importation A1.S9.C1b · Historical importation-tax allowance and cap A1.S9.C2 · Habeas corpus and the suspension exception A1.S9.C3a · No federal bills of attainder A1.S9.C3b · No federal ex post facto laws A1.S9.C4 · Apportionment of capitation and other direct taxes A1.S9.C5 · No federal tax on articles exported from a state A1.S9.C6a · No preference among states' ports A1.S9.C6b · No forced clearance or duties in another state A1.S9.C7a · Money leaves the Treasury only through lawful appropriations A1.S9.C7b · Publication of public receipts and expenditures A1.S9.C8a · No federal titles of nobility A1.S9.C8b · Foreign benefits and congressional consent A1.S10.C1a · States cannot make treaties, alliances, or confederations A1.S10.C1b · States cannot grant letters of marque and reprisal A1.S10.C1c · States cannot coin money A1.S10.C1d · States cannot emit bills of credit A1.S10.C1e · Limits on state designation of legal tender A1.S10.C1f · No state bills of attainder A1.S10.C1g · No state ex post facto laws A1.S10.C1h · State laws impairing contractual obligations A1.S10.C1i · No state titles of nobility A1.S10.C2a · State import and export duties: consent and inspection exception A1.S10.C2b · Net proceeds are for the federal Treasury A1.S10.C2c · Congressional revision and control of those state laws A1.S10.C3a · State duties of tonnage require consent A1.S10.C3b · State troops and warships in peacetime A1.S10.C3c · State agreements and compacts A1.S10.C3d · State engagement in war and emergency exceptions A2.S1.C1a · Vesting executive power A2.S1.C1b · Four-year presidential and vice-presidential terms A2.S1.C2a · State appointment and elector allocation A2.S1.C2b · Who cannot serve as a presidential elector A2.S1.C3a · Original electors' two-person ballots A2.S1.C3b · Original electoral certificates A2.S1.C3c · Original opening and counting A2.S1.C3d · Original electoral majority and contingent choice A2.S1.C3e · Original House voting by states A2.S1.C3f · Original vice-presidential selection A2.S1.C4 · Congress sets the electoral calendar A2.S1.C5a · Presidential citizenship eligibility A2.S1.C5b · Presidential age and residence eligibility A2.S1.C6a · Original devolution on presidential vacancy or inability A2.S1.C6b · Congressional provision for double contingencies A2.S1.C7a · Stable presidential compensation A2.S1.C7b · Other domestic emoluments prohibited A2.S1.C8 · Presidential oath or affirmation A2.S2.C1a · Command of armed forces and called militia A2.S2.C1b · Written opinions from executive department heads A2.S2.C1c · Federal reprieves and pardons A2.S2.C2a · Treaty making with Senate advice and consent A2.S2.C2b · Presidential nomination and appointment A2.S2.C2c · Alternative appointment of inferior officers A2.S2.C3 · Temporary recess appointments A2.S3.a · Information on the State of the Union A2.S3.b · Recommendations for congressional consideration A2.S3.c · Extraordinary sessions A2.S3.d · Adjournment when chambers disagree A2.S3.e · Receiving foreign diplomatic representatives A2.S3.f · Faithful execution of the laws A2.S3.g · Commissioning United States officers A2.S4 · Removal following impeachment and conviction A3.S1.a · One Supreme Court and congressionally established inferior courts A3.S1.b · Judicial tenure during good behavior A3.S1.c · Judicial compensation protection A3.S2.C1a · Cases arising under federal constitutional, statutory, and treaty law A3.S2.C1b · Cases affecting diplomatic representatives A3.S2.C1c · Admiralty and maritime cases A3.S2.C1d · Controversies involving the United States as a party A3.S2.C1e · Controversies between states A3.S2.C1f · State and out-of-state citizen controversies A3.S2.C1g · Controversies between citizens of different states A3.S2.C1h · Same-state citizens claiming land under different state grants A3.S2.C1i · Controversies involving foreign states, citizens, or subjects A3.S2.C2a · Supreme Court original jurisdiction A3.S2.C2b · Supreme Court appellate jurisdiction and congressional exceptions A3.S2.C3a · Jury trial for crimes with impeachment exception A3.S2.C3b · Criminal trial venue A3.S3.C1a · The limited constitutional definition of treason A3.S3.C1b · Special evidence required for treason conviction A3.S3.C2a · Congress prescribes treason punishment A3.S3.C2b · Limits on hereditary consequences and forfeiture A4.S1.C1a · Recognition across state boundaries A4.S1.C1b · Congress specifies proof and effect A4.S2.C1 · Interstate privileges and immunities A4.S2.C2 · Interstate return of a person charged with crime A4.S2.C3a · Historical prohibition on release from service or labor A4.S2.C3b · Historical return on a private claimant's demand A4.S3.C1a · Congress admits new states A4.S3.C1b · Consent to forming states from existing states A4.S3.C2a · Disposal of United States territory and property A4.S3.C2b · Rules for United States territory and property A4.S3.C2c · Preservation of federal and state claims A4.S4a · A republican form of government for every state A4.S4b · Protection of states against invasion A4.S4c · State application for protection against domestic violence A5.C1a · Amendment proposals from Congress A5.C1b · Applications requiring a proposing convention A5.C1c · Ratification by state legislatures makes a proposal constitutional A5.C1d · Ratification by state conventions A5.C1e · Congress chooses the ratification route A5.C1f · An expired restriction on the amending power A5.C1g · A state's consent to losing equal Senate suffrage A6.C1 · Continuity of existing national obligations A6.C2a · Which sources constitute supreme law A6.C2b · State judges are bound despite contrary state law A6.C3a · Constitutional commitment across federal and state offices A6.C3b · No religious test for federal office or public trust A7.C1 · Initial establishment through nine state conventions CTX.SIGNING.1 · The Convention's signing declaration CTX.SIGNING.2 · Signers grouped by represented state CTX.RESOLUTION.0 · The setting of the startup recommendations CTX.RESOLUTION.1a · Sending the proposal to Congress and state conventions CTX.RESOLUTION.1b · Reporting state ratification CTX.RESOLUTION.2a · Scheduling the first constitutional government CTX.RESOLUTION.2b · Carrying out the first appointments and elections CTX.RESOLUTION.2c · A special officer for the first presidential count CTX.RESOLUTION.2d · The new institutions begin constitutional government CTX.RESOLUTION.3 · Authentication of the Convention's resolution BR.P1 · Identify the proposing Congress BR.P2 · Explain the demand for additional safeguards BR.P3 · Follow the Article V proposal and ratification route BR.P4 · Anchor the amendments to Article V AM1.a · Restrict establishment legislation AM1.b · Protect religious exercise AM1.c · Protect freedom of speech AM1.d · Protect freedom of the press AM1.e · Protect peaceable assembly AM1.f · Protect petitions for redress AM2.a · State the militia-related purpose AM2.b · Protect keeping and bearing arms AM3.a · Require the owner’s consent in peace AM3.b · Require a legally prescribed wartime procedure AM4.a · Protect security against unreasonable searches and seizures AM4.b · Gate warrants through cause, oath, and particularity AM5.a · Require grand-jury authorization with the stated military exception AM5.b · Restrict repeated jeopardy for the same offense AM5.c · Protect against compelled self-incrimination AM5.d · Require due process for deprivation of protected interests AM5.e · Require just compensation for public-use takings AM6.a · Require a speedy criminal trial AM6.b · Require a public criminal trial AM6.c · Require an impartial jury from the specified locality AM6.d · Inform the accused of the accusation AM6.e · Provide confrontation of adverse witnesses AM6.f · Enable compulsory process for favorable witnesses AM6.g · Protect assistance of counsel for the defense AM7.a · Preserve jury trial in qualifying common-law suits AM7.b · Constrain reexamination of jury-found facts AM8.a · Prohibit excessive bail AM8.b · Prohibit excessive fines AM8.c · Prohibit cruel and unusual punishments AM9 · Prevent enumeration from erasing retained rights AM10 · Reserve powers outside delegation and state prohibitions AM11 · Limit the stated federal jurisdiction over suits against states AM12.a · Begin separate presidential and vice-presidential voting AM12.b · Separate the two offices on the ballots AM12.c · Create, authenticate, and transmit separate vote records AM12.d · Open certificates before both Houses and count votes AM12.e · Determine whether the presidential vote elects a winner AM12.f · Send a failed presidential majority to the House AM12.g · Give each state delegation one vote in this choice AM12.h · Separate state-presence quorum from the required state majority AM12.i · Record the superseded March deadline and acting arrangement AM12.j · Determine the vice-presidential electoral winner independently AM12.k · Send a failed vice-presidential majority to the Senate AM12.l · Require the stated senatorial quorum and majority AM12.m · Link vice-presidential eligibility to presidential eligibility AM13.S1 · Prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude with the stated exception AM13.S2 · Authorize congressional enforcement of abolition AM14.S1a · Define national and state citizenship through the stated conditions AM14.S1b · Restrict state laws abridging national citizens’ privileges or immunities AM14.S1c · Bind states to due process for every person AM14.S1d · Require equal protection for persons within state jurisdiction AM14.S2a · Replace the population basis for House apportionment AM14.S2b · Model the textual representation penalty with its exact cohort and exceptions AM14.S3a · Connect prior oath and disqualifying conduct to covered offices AM14.S3b · Allow Congress to remove the specified disability AM14.S4a · Protect the validity of authorized United States public debt AM14.S4b · Reject rebellion debts and claims for loss or emancipation of enslaved people AM14.S5 · Authorize appropriate legislation enforcing the Fourteenth Amendment AM15.S1 · Prohibit voting discrimination on the three stated grounds AM15.S2 · Authorize enforcement of the voting protection AM16 · Remove apportionment and census conditions from income taxation AM17.P1a · Equal state representation in the Senate AM17.P1b · Direct election and six-year terms AM17.P1c · One vote for each Senator AM17.P1d · The Senate electorate's qualification reference AM17.P2a · Senate vacancies trigger election writs AM17.P2b · Optional temporary appointments while awaiting election AM17.P3 · Preserving previously chosen Senators AM18.S1 · Historical prohibition with a delayed start AM18.S2 · Historical concurrent enforcement power AM18.S3 · A seven-year legislative-ratification condition AM19.P1 · Voting protection against sex-based denial or abridgment AM19.P2 · Congress may enforce the sex-based voting protection AM20.S1 · Synchronized end and beginning of federal terms AM20.S2 · Annual congressional meeting with a changeable date AM20.S3a · Death of the President-elect before the term begins AM20.S3b · Temporary service when a President is unchosen or unqualified AM20.S3c · Congress may provide an additional new-term acting arrangement AM20.S4 · Deaths among candidates in contingent elections AM20.S5 · Delayed activation for the new calendar rules AM20.S6 · Ratification threshold and deadline AM21.S1 · Repeal as a structural edit AM21.S2 · Destination-law condition on liquor transport and importation AM21.S3 · Ratification by State conventions AM22.S1a · Limit on elections to the presidency AM22.S1b · Prior service exceeding two years reduces the election allowance AM22.S1c · The incumbent-at-proposal exception AM22.S1d · Preserving service for the remainder of the transition term AM22.S2 · Ratification within seven years AM23.S1a · District appointment of presidential electors and its numerical cap AM23.S1b · Additional electors with election-specific State-equivalent treatment AM23.S1c · District electors use the Twelfth Amendment procedure AM23.S2 · Congress may enforce District electoral participation AM24.S1 · Tax-payment barriers in specified federal elections AM24.S2 · Congress may enforce the tax-payment voting protection AM25.S1 · The Vice President becomes President upon a presidential vacancy AM25.S2 · Filling a vice-presidential vacancy AM25.S3 · The President's own declaration of inability AM25.S4a · An inability declaration initiated by the Vice President and another body AM25.S4b · Presidential assertion of ability and the four-day counterdeclaration window AM25.S4c · Congress must decide and assemble if necessary AM25.S4d · Two alternative starting points for Congress's decision clock AM25.S4e · Bicameral supermajorities determine continued acting service AM26.S1 · Age-based voting protection for citizens eighteen and older AM26.S2 · Congress may enforce the age-based voting protection AM27.P1 · An intervening House election before congressional pay changes take effect
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